Introduction to DevOps #
DevOps is the practice of improving how teams plan, build, secure, release, and operate software.
At its core, DevOps combines:
- Culture: shared ownership across engineering, operations, and security
- Practices: CI/CD, feedback loops, automation, incident learning
- Tooling: version control, pipelines, containers, IaC, observability
Why DevOps matters #
Modern software businesses compete on speed and reliability. DevOps helps teams:
- Ship features faster with lower risk
- Improve service availability and performance
- Reduce manual work through automation
- Build confidence through repeatable delivery systems
The DevOps lifecycle #
- Plan – define goals, requirements, and measurable outcomes
- Code – build with quality, security, and maintainability in mind
- Build – automate packaging and artifact creation
- Test – validate functionality, security, and performance
- Release – promote safely using controlled deployment strategies
- Deploy – deliver to production with rollback and observability
- Operate – keep systems stable, secure, and cost-efficient
- Monitor – turn metrics, logs, and traces into fast feedback
Core principles #
1. Automation first #
Automate repetitive, error-prone tasks:
- infrastructure provisioning
- environment setup
- test execution
- deployment and rollback
2. Small, frequent changes #
Deploying smaller batches lowers blast radius and speeds recovery.
3. Shift-left quality and security #
Catch defects and vulnerabilities early in development, not in production.
4. Observability as a default #
Treat metrics, logs, traces, and dashboards as part of product quality.
5. Continuous improvement #
Use postmortems, retrospectives, and delivery metrics to improve systems and team workflows.
Common DevOps metrics (DORA + reliability) #
- Deployment frequency
- Lead time for changes
- Change failure rate
- Mean time to restore (MTTR)
- Availability and SLO attainment
DevOps vs. SRE vs. Platform Engineering #
- DevOps is the broad operating model and culture.
- SRE applies software engineering to reliability objectives.
- Platform Engineering provides internal products that improve developer velocity and consistency.
These are complementary, not competing approaches.